Complication after Embolization of Internal Iliac Artery by Gelatin Sponge Powder

A case is reported of muscular atrophy of the buttock and advanced and permanent neuropathy following embolization of the internal iliac artery by gelatin sponge powder. We discuss and review the risk of complications by embolic material and the method of embolization

Time of Occurrence and Symptoms of the Necrotic Berry Disorder in‘Muscat of Alexandria’ Grape

縮果障害の発生率は年度,作型,樹によって大きく変動した.しかし,発生時期は概して一定しており,果実発育の第Ⅱ期であった.第Ⅱ期の始め(開花後35～45日)ころには,“シミ”と呼ばれる症状が,第II期の終わり(開花後50～55日)ころには“縮果”と呼ばれる症状が多発した.なお,縮果障害は“日焼け”や人為的な外傷によって発生する障害ではなかった. 症状の特徴と発日射達経過は次のようであった.“シミ”は果房及び果粒における発生部位が一定しない.症状は比較的小さく,あまり進展しないため実害はさほど大きくない.“縮果”は多発した場合,果房の肩部(基部よりの部分)の特定の支梗に集中してみられることが多い.粟粒上では基部に発現する.“縮果”の症状は比較的大きく実害も大きい.“縮果”には症状が急速に進展する“日射型”と,そうでない“縮果型”とがある.“日射型”症状の果粒は,うだったように褐変し,まもなく脱粒する.“縮果型”症状の果粒では,障害を受けた部分は褐変し果皮が大きく陥没するが,症状はあまり進展せず,脱粒せず,健全部分は成熟する.一般には,このような典型的な症状よりも併発型の症状を示すことが多く,両者の厳密な区分は困難である

User-Adaptive A Posteriori Restoration for Incorrectly Segmented Utterances in Spoken Dialogue Systems

Ideally, the users of spoken dialogue systems should be able to speak at their own tempo. Thus, the systems needs to interpret utterances from various users correctly, even when the utterances contain pauses. In response to this issue, we propose an approach based on a posteriori restoration for incorrectly segmented utterances. A crucial part of this approach is to determine whether restoration is required. We use a classification-based approach, adapted to each user. We focus on each user’s dialogue tempo, which can be obtained during the dialogue, and determine the correlation between each user’s tempo and the appropriate thresholds for classification. A linear regression function used to convert the tempos into thresholds is also derived. Experimental results show that the proposed user adaptation approach applied to two restoration classification methods, thresholding and decision trees, improves classification accuracies by 3.0% and 7.4%, respectively, in cross validation

Growth and Yield of Peaches on Rootstocks of Prunus tomentosa and Prunus persica

モモ栽培の省力化を目的に台木及び仕立方を異にした低木･密植栽培を試みた. すなわち,ユスラウメ台を用いた主幹仕立,共台を用いた架線仕立と平行並列仕立である. ユスラウメ台樹の生育は品種及び個体により大きく変異したが,共台に比べ強くわい化した. 収穫期は早く,果実の品質も良かった. 収量はほぼ生育と一致し,品種及び個体により大きく変異したが,生育の良い場合には共台樹より多収であった. したがって,台木の系統選抜などにより健全で均一な生育が得られれば,有望な栽培様式となりえよう. 共台樹では平行並列仕立の方が架線仕立より収量,品質とも優れた. その原因は,平行並列仕立の方が目標樹冠面積が大きく,自由に生長させられたのに対し,架線仕立樹はそれが狭く,しかも,主枝を早くから低く誘引したため,樹勢が強すぎ,徒長的な側枝が多発し,過繁茂となったためであろう

User Impressions of System Questions to Acquire Lexical Knowledge during Dialogues

We have been addressing the problem of acquiring attributes of unknown terms through dialogues and previously proposed an approach using the implicit confirmation process. It is crucial for dialogue systems to ask questions that do not diminish the user’s willingness to talk. In this paper, we conducted a user study to investigate user impression for several question types, including explicit and implicit, to acquire lexical knowledge. We clarified the order among the types and found that repeating the same question type annoys the user and degrades user impression even when the content of the questions is correct. We also propose a method for determining whether an estimated attribute is correct, which is included in an implicit question. The method exploits multiple-user responses to implicit questions about the attribute of the same unknown term. Experimental results revealed that the proposed method exhibited a higher precision rate for determining the correctly estimated attributes than when only single-user responses were considered

Properties of the Soil Moisture and the Growth of "Muscat" Grape in the Computer-controlled Greenhouse for Pomological Studies

本学部附属農場・果樹園装置化施設内の大温室における水分特性を中心とした土壌の物理性を明らかにするとともに,灌水試験によるブドウ,"マスカット・オブ・アレキサンドリア"樹の生育について調査した. 1)本温室における土壌(マサ土)の三相分布では固相が70%にも及んでいた. 2)最大圃場容水量は30%以下,水分当量は10%以下となり,水分当量から萎凋係数までには2～3%の水分を含むにすぎず,極めて保水性の乏しい土壌であった. 3)透水係数は地下30cmまでは1～2×10-3cmsecであったが,それ以上深い場所,またはpF2.6(地下15cm)程度まで乾燥した場合,8.1mmの灌水では水分の移動が観測されなかった. 4)発芽前より収穫期までを果実の発育第I期中期を境に2分して前,後期とし,灌水量の多少の組合わせにより4区を設けて栽培したところ,前期少量灌水した区では新梢の初期生長が優ったのに対し,前期多量灌水区では開花期前後より旺盛な生育を示した. 5)果粒の肥大には果実発育の第I期後半から差がみられ,前期に多量灌水した区が優った. しかし,この区では縮果病の発生が7割程度多かった. 6)葉のみかけの光合成量と蒸散量を全期少量灌水区と全期多量灌水区において測定した結果,光合成量は後者の方が多かったが,蒸散量にはほとんど差はみられなかった. 7)根群分布を落葉後の12月に調査したところ,各区とも温室中央部は根域が浅く20～40cmであったのに対し,外側よりの樹は地下60cm付近に多かった. それは室中央部の地下30cm付近に著しく土壌硬度の高い層があったことによるためと思われる. これが幼木育成期より温室中央付近の樹の生育が悪いことの原因と思われる

Formation of microbial mats and salt in radioactive paddy soils in Fukushima, Japan

Coastal areas in Minami-soma City, Fukushima, Japan, were seriously damaged by radioactive contamination from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident that caused multiple pollution by tsunami and radionuclide exposure, after the Great East Japan Earthquake, on 11 March 2011. Some areas will remain no-go zones because radiation levels remain high. In Minami-soma, only 26 percent of decontamination work had been finished by the end of July in 2015. Here, we report the characterization of microbial mats and salt found on flooded paddy fields at Karasuzaki, Minami-soma City, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan which have been heavily contaminated by radionuclides, especially by Cs (134Cs, 137Cs), 40K, Sr (89Sr, 90Sr), and91 or 95Zr even though it is more than 30 km north of the FDNPP. We document the mineralogy, the chemistry, and the micro-morphology, using a combination of micro techniques. The microbial mats were found to consist of diatoms with mineralized halite and gypsum by using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Particular elements concentrated in microbial mats were detected using scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The objective of this contribution is to illustrate the ability of various diatoms associated with minerals and microorganisms which are capable of absorbing both radionuclides and stable isotopes from polluted paddy soils in extreme conditions. Ge semiconductor analysis of the microbial mats detected 134Cs, 137Cs, and 40K without 131I in 2012 and in 2013. Quantitative analysis associated with the elemental content maps by SEM-EDS indicated the possibility of absorption of radionuclide and stable isotope elements from polluted paddy soils in Fukushima Prefecture. In addition, radionuclides were detected in solar salts made of contaminated sea water collected from the Karasuzaki ocean bath, Minami-soma, Fukushima in 2015, showing high Zr content associated with 137Cs and 40K without 131I. The results obtained here provide evidence of the ability of microorganisms to grow in this salty contaminated environment and to immobilize radionuclides. It is possible that the capability of radioactive immobilization can be used to counteract the disastrous effects of radionuclide-polluted paddy soils. © 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland